TESTIMONIAL RAFAEL VITERBO, LUCAS MATEUS E RAFAEL SILVA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDXJodfjgk0

Featured Article: Thiago Henrique Silva de Almeida

The Amazon rainforest is responsible for having the highest biodiversity in the world spread

across about seven million square kilometers, and is present in Brazil, Peru, Colombia,

Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.

Actually the Amazon rainforest is being much deforested, but this is not a recent problem, and

dates from the colonization of Brazil. It is estimated that 10% of the entire flora of the planet

is present in the Amazon with over 5000 species of trees, so its devastation has many impacts

on the planet, such as the reduction of biodiversity, soil erosion, degradation of watershed

areas, release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, reducing the moisture in the air, and social

environmental and economic imbalance.

The total area of the Legal Amazon (as it is called the area that belongs to Brazil) according to

the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) is the equivalent of 5,217,423 km ² today, but

only since 1988 have been devastated 392,021 km ², and if there is a drastic decrease in the

rate of deforestation in the very near future there may be no more rainforest.

Featured article: Thiago Henrique de Faria

12/12/12

       A few months ago, USA was ruined by Sandy’s hurricane. Cities were destroyed, people lost their houses and a lot of things that they worked hard to get, it was a crushing occurrence.

       Some artists, singers and famous people decided to make a big show with all of them with intention to help the victims of Sandy’s hurricane. All the payment will be donate to help the victims, besides during the show donations will be accept for all the world.

The show will be broadcasted to most of 40 countries around the word live from  Madison Square Garden, Nova York in 12/12/12. The most waited in the show, in my own opinion, is Roger Waters, ex-Pink Floyd, he will sing with his actually band and also will do a duet with Eddie Vedder, vocalist of Pearl Jam.

I’ll watch the show hopeful that he gets their objectives.

Testimonial - Luiz Carlos e Lucas Miranda

Usually in our time,puverty and people living on street have in every place, people that didn’t have one chance in your life, because your family was poverty or other problem, usually have one difficult in yor life.

Almost always that one person don’t get one chance, he has one difficult life, many street people is that because of this, they start steal, intensifying the violency in streets, the drogs traffic and others. In my opnion the solution is to give for these people one chance to creaty his futeres, with this, the violency will decrease, having one place better for to live.


https://soundcloud.com/luiz-carlos-mar-al/nota-de-voz005

Testemunho - Natalia e Thiago

Natalia Carneiro de Castro
Thiago Henrique de Faria

https://soundcloud.com/natalia-castro-10/testemunho-ingles

Feature Article - Natalia Carneiro

Amazonia's devastation

Located in South America, the Amazon Forest represents a big part of the continent. It’s present in nine countries: Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Equator, Suriname, Guiana and Guiana Francesa. The forest’s devastation began in 1970, when the military government decided to go in to the territory to avoid the risk of losing it. Since then the man has destroyed the forest in many ways. Nowdays the Amazon is being chased by Brazil’s economic advance with activities like cutting wood plantations, mineral extraction and hydroelectric.

The Amazon’s total deforestation in 1991 was 8,4% (426.400 km²), but nowadays it has reached 14,6% (739.928 km²). Mostly, the burns are illegal and were made to open space for cows and plantations, which the main is the soybean, that is responsible for 57% of the Brazilian emission of gases. From, 2000 to 2005, Brazil issued a total of 2,2 billion tons of CO2 in the atmosphere. Beyond this, degradation can also be caused  by the illegal tree cutting, designated to the illegal trading.

One of the deforestation’s consequences is the extinction of different species. Many of them can help healing diseases, are used for feeding or as new raw material, are not known by the man and run the risk of been destroyed before the scientists discover them. Beyond affecting the biodiversity (the Amazon houses more than 30% of the mundial biodiversity), the deforestation affects, a lot, the local population’s life that without the resources diversity from the biggest river of the planet, find themselves without the possibility of granting their own survival, been dependents of the help from the government and from non-governmental organizations.

Although all these problems are still happening, we can see a significant decrease comparating with the past. The people environmental awareness is been alerted for the necessity of preservation. NGOs like Greenpeace, SOS Mata Atlântica, WWF, IPAM and many others, make campaigns and researches with the objective of publishing and making the sustainable development and the degradable areas recuperation easier. About the government activities, 19.440.402 hectares were converted into conservation unities in Amazon from 2002 until 2006, totalizating 29.921.322 hectares, the same of 9,98% of the territory.

It can be concluded that there’s a huge problem in our country, however, as we can see, there are many people working in solutions, but without all the population’s help this job Will be much harder or maybe impossible. We all should take part f the fight for Amazon’s salvation!

Natalia Carneiro de Castro

Article - Victor Filipe

Noise Pollution

The noise pollution is moderate problem because affected the social tranquility and sometimes, affected too the health of the peoples.

The hazards of noise pollution are many and varied. For example, people exposed to noise levels reaching 110 db may reveal mental trauma, deafness, physical fatigue and hypertension, cardiovascular disease, insomnia, peptic ulcer, eczema and asthma. Psychologists are of the opinion that prolonged exposure to noise for a day alone, may lead to severe mental disorientation, and in a few cases, result in a violent behavior.

So, I conclude that noise pullution must be fought for not moving towards a green world but noisy.

Testimonial - Samuel Alencar e Victor Filipe

Poverty

Is a big problem because private people frombasic human needs

Characteristics of poverty

The effects of poverty may also be caused as luted above trees creating a “poverty circle” operating across multiple leaves under dud local national, and global. to solve the problem guen education for kids and buying food for then.

Drugs

Drugs is a big problem because it affects all classes, destroys all ages and families, make too dificult learn to something... drugs can cause many problems for everyone. One way to solve this problem is by teaching kids and their parents how drugs can be harmful.

Pollution

This is a complicated problem because we don’t have appropriate places to throw out our trash, so if one person
Helps solving thi.

Feature article - Luiz Fernando Ferreira da Silva

 Deforestation is a problem that affects many forests today, especially the Amazon rainforest, which has been deforested by farmers and cattle farmers with tractors and chainsaws that will expand their area of pasture and agriculture. This forest is a very important to us, it has a great biodiversity where many species that have not been studied and they can help our planet.

 Each year more and more areas of the Amazon forest is being deforested, until today was already removed 17 of the original forest area, mainly for grazing and agriculture.

 With this rampant deforestation are losing flora and fauna that possibly have not been studied and also contributing to the greenhouse effect.

 One possible solution to this problem would be to impose more rigid laws to punish and monitor and catch those responsible for deforestation.

 Deforestation is a serious problem and must be controled.

Testimonial-Luiza dos Anjos, Matheus Vieira

How we can help the world solving the big problems…

Actually, it is not difficult to find problems in our community. I know that some of these problems can be solved with small actions, but it requires a global mobilization. It needs a change of our mind. Problems like trash on the roads, for example, would be solve if we (our society) received universal education.

One of the worst problems that I think it is the war. In humans being’s history, therewas a lot of wars that caused many deaths and pain. Recently, The Iraq War, witch was an armed conflict that started on 20 March 2003 and finish in December 2011,caused a number of 1,220,580 violent deaths. This is a big number and with the current conflict between China, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Taiwan and the Philippines can cause an evenhigher number of victims.

Thereby, we need to do something to avoid a problem that of maritime disputes can turn into a real and another big war. But how can we do that?

It is not necessary tipping a leader who threat to start a war, but it is sufficient to change the power group orpersuade him to reassess the situation, resolving conflictsbefore they actually happen. We can also change a group of power, because now there are no individual rulers, and we can make the group competent or renewed.

It is sad that we don’t have a lot of an others alternativesto achieve a world peace, but we can’t give up of this problem and also we can’t give up of a lot of an others problems that our world has like global warming and poverty, which are very important too.

FEATURE ARTICLE-Matheus Vieira

Results of “Rio+20”

In 2012, world leaders and scientists came together in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil for a high level event to renew commitments and to set out concret plans and pratical steps to help the enviroment. Between November 13 and November 22, it were made some commitments about sustainable development and how we use our natural resources .This was the Rio+ 20 or United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development. We know that, currently, with the global warming, destruction of ozone and the actual situation of the atmosphere, we need to help our planet using the sustentability in our life. Using the commitments made in Rio+20, the scientists hoje reduce problems like ice cap melting, climas change and deforestation in a global level. Rio+20 can help our world because not only it will deal with enviromental issues like the use of renewableenergy,the change the consumerist model, but it will deal with social questions like poverty and hunger. For that, it needs to be proposed public policies to the government that indicates the dangerous situation of the current model of development, which leads to the end of natural resources and to the increase of inequality.

In Rio+20 705 volunteers were accounted between the governments, ONGs, industries and universitys. In total, it will be invested 513 billion dollars in 13 major projects and programs and actions over the next 10 years in the areas of transport, energy, green economy, disaster reduction, environmental protection, desertification and climatechang, which will be good to our world.  

The document containing the commitments made in Rio+20 was called “O Futuro queQueremos". It disappointed some people because it treated superficially some terms that should be in focus and the event did not count with the participation of all countries such as the United States.

We can see that governments, the ONU and Major Groups are engaged in a serious way. Voluntary agreements are a important part of the legacy of the Conference and they complement the official document of Rio +20.These agreements bound the principal organizations for the same cause to achieve sustainable development. Governments can not do this work alone, they need the support of the private sector and civil society.

Testimonial - Luiza Souza, Matheus Vieira

Testimonial

How we would change the world

Júlia and Nathan

Feature article

The Atlantic Forest deforestation

The Atlantic Forest deforestation has started XVI in century in Brazil by Portuguese settlers. I chose to treat of the atlantic Forest deforestation because despite this fact has occurred five hundred years, we see its consequences until today, and through this we can predict the outcome of situations as current, as the deforestation of the Amazon forest if not will interrupted.

The Atlantic Forest It was the first environment that the Portuguese conquerors encountered over 500 years ago. Currently, the Atlantic Forest spans over 4,000 km 2 along the coast of Brazil and in a small part of Paraguay and Argentina. But when it was found to have had an area of 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 km 2 and stretching an unknown distance inland.

The devastation of this forest had both its positive and negative side. The positive side of all the devastation it  has caused the socio-economic development of the population and made Brazil a productive colony to Portugal. The negative side was that Atlantic forest existed in a variety of species that are now extinct or threatened with extinction, another consequence was the removal of the Indians from their lands and their enslavement.

Even promoting the development of the population, many species that lived there was completely extinguished. We can not change the past but we can learn from it, ashowever not be possible to revive the atlantic forest can be avoided devastate what's left and take care of other large forest that is also ending this.

Luiza dos Anjos Souza – MCT – 1A – T2

Featured Artcle by Samuel and Victor Felipe

Poverty

Is a big roblem because private people frombasic human needs

Characteristics of poverty

The efects of poverty may also be cause as luted above trees creating a “poverty circle” operating across multiple leaves underdud local national, and global. One hel to solve the problem guen education for kids and buiyng food for then.

Drugs

Drugs is a big problem because afeted all classes. This problem afected all ages and destroi familys, make to dificult alearn... drugs cause many problens for everyone. One help to solve this problen teaching kids how drugs destroies your then selfs and give edcation for then parents.

Poluition

This is a complicated problem because we don’t have apropriate pleace to put our trash, so one help to sove this problen make lees trash then usual pand teach everyone abaut that.

by Samuel Alencar, Victor Felipe

Feature article - Júlia Adriane

GREENPEACE

Greenpeace is an independent global campaigning organization that acts to change attitudes and behavior, to protect and conserve the environment and to promote peace. The organization speaks for 2.8 million supporters worldwide and is present in 40 countries since 1971. Greenpeace act defending our oceans, protecting the world’s ancient forests and the animals, working for disarmament and peace.

To maintain its independence, Greenpeace does not accept donations from governments or corporations but relies on contributions from individual supporters and foundation grants. With demonstrations, they can alert the people around the world off the problems. Currently Greenpeace considers global warming to be the greatest environmental problem facing the Earth. Greenpeace calls for global greenhouse gas emissions to peak in 2015 and to decrease as close to zero as possible by 2050.

Greenpeace does so many things for all the people and the world that we can't deny their influence. One of the banners the organization says "When the last tree is cut, the last river poisoned, and the last fish dead, we will discover that we can't eat money..." I think this is exactly what the countries and the bigger industries have to think about, money has no value in this perspective.

Testimonial Patrick Garcia and Mateus Maranhão

Testimonial Patrick Garcia e Mateus Maranhão

Featured Artcle

Ocean rising

Since the last glacial era, the ocean is level rising up. This indicate that this a natural process. But, since the industrial revolution began, this process is occurring faster.

The ocean level risen 160m since 1600 B.C. , and the bigger part of advance occurred in the last 6000 years. In a short space of time, corresponding to decades, this rise is invisible. But, in large periods, this is notable.

Before the industrial revolution start, the oceans rose 1mm a/year. But, since the beginning, the elevation doubled, reaching 2mm/year. Currently, the advance is faster, reaching the score of 3mm/year.

This data apparently is not alarming. But, the subtle analysis indicates that the rise tripled. This is significative, and hasn’t happened naturally. The degradation to the planet caused for the advance of industry obviously accelerated the elevation. A plausible explanation suggests the advance is caused by the icecaps melting. The relative water of the process is going to the ocean, and, because the melting accelerated, the rise accelerated too.

It is important to worry. Although immediately not arise results in the moment, the world suffer drastic consequences in the long run. This elevation, for example, threat to submerge small islands around the world in the next century, like it happened with the lost island of Atlantida.

By: Patrick Garcia

Featured Article - Mateus Nascimento Maranhão Moreira

Global Warming: an International Problem

Global warming is the increase of temperature in the planet. It is majorly caused by human interference in the natural environment, such as the degradation of the ozone layer, resulting in more absorption of the solar rays. This rise in temperature affects the entire Earth’s surface, but the focuses of the phenomenon are the population centers, like the megalopolis. It began in late 19^th century and is projected to continue, if not prevented. The importance of this topic is unarguable, as it will influence people from the entire world.  It is a subject that everyone should be aware of and because of that possible solution may be reached.

The main cause of global warming is the high concentration of greenhouse gases produced by humans on the atmosphere. These gases absorb and emit thermal radiation to the surface, which in excess, contribute to the temperature rise. Another important cause for the warming is the burning of fossil fuels that generate a vicious pollution for the atmosphere, creating holes in the ozone layer, destroying an important Earth’s natural defense.

Consequences of such event are the melting of the ice caps in the poles, occasioning disturbs in the ecosystems of these areas, such as higher sea level and the destruction of the natural habitat for some of the pole species, like the polar bear and the penguins. The rise of temperature may also result in problems on the agriculture sector, the solar rays may increase the exfoliation, a phenomenon that leaves the soil on an inappropriate state for planting.

To find a solution for global warming is a hard task, as it is a worldwide problem, in which almost all nations are involved. The easiest way to decrease the effects on the environment would be to reduce the pollution released in the cities. This would be done by creating a way to filter industry’s chimneys and reducing the amount of carbon dioxide sent to the atmosphere. Another possible solution would be the popularization of sustainable cars, this would also reduce significantly the emission of pollutants.

To sum up, it is already proved that the global warming is something serious, it is already possible to feel some of its effects. With that in mind, the population from all around the world should start to treat it with more seriousness. If everyone does his part, the situation will get better. The government should also do its part and include sustainability in its ideals for a better world. This is a problem for everyone, and it should be fought by everyone. 

Featured Article - Rafael Carvalho

FEATURED ARTICLE

3, 4, 5 – Introduction, development and conclusion

With the development of technology in different scientific fields, it has become in the recent decades a great interest in the area of genetic science the reproduction of species of dinosaurs, performed in specialized laboratories of genetic, in the state of California, in the United States, associated with bio-quimichals laboratories from Russia and England.

With the researchers founding a perfectly preserved mosquito with a body full of dinosaur blood, the dinosaur DNA would be reconstituted making a recombination of the empty parts of the filament with frogs and others reptiles species DNA, according to the similarity of the species of each gene or genetic trait. Besides using DNA from insects trapped in amber, the scientists could find DNA species on fossilized bones instead the bodies of insects. The fossilization process involves replacing the organic tissue of animal bones for minerals, what turns it in a complex process.

The complete success of the reproduction of dinosaurs it would bring a considerable reduction of the human specie living in all parts of the world. Thus, the projection of the dinosaurs in actual natural habitats would cause a balance and control in the intensity of the increase of human society on the planet, which would greatly reduce the polluting and natural destructive effects caused by large urban concentrations and the exploration of the already extremely limited resources of the planet.

RAFAEL CARVALHO – MECAT 1A